ObjectiveMetabolic disturbances induce endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in pancreatic beta cells. This study aims to investigate whether a common pathway exists in the ERS induced by various chemicals. including high levels of glucose and palmitate in INS-1-3 cells. MethodERS in INS-1-3 cells was induced by exposure cells to thapsigargin (TG). https://jalyttlers.shop/product-category/revolving-chopper/